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In this week's issue:
Editorial
Why Bother?
Alice S. Huang
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/821
Research Summaries
This Week in Science
Editor summaries of this week's papers.
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/vol331/issue6019/twis.dtl
Editors' Choice
Highlights of the recent literature
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/vol331/issue6019/twil.dtl
News of the Week
This Week's Section
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/829-a
Around the World
In science news around the world this week, the U.S. president and House of Representatives presented very different budget proposals, an Indian court ignored an appeal to release a physician-activist, seeds of more than 1500 types of Andean potato will be sent to the Svalbard Global Seed Vault, Nipah virus has struck again in Bangladesh, and Yale has agreed to return Machu Picchu artifacts to Peru.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/829-b
Newsmaker
This week's Newsmaker is computer scientist Geoffrey Hinton of the University of Toronto, who has carried off Canada's most prestigious science prize—along with a $1 million grant to support his research over the next 5 years.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/831-b
Random Sample
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/331/6019/831-c
Findings
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/vol331/issue6019/findings.dtl
News & Analysis
Obama's 2012 Vision Clashes With House Cuts in 2011
The president's 2012 budget request and the spending plan by House Republicans for the rest of this fiscal year paint starkly contrasting visions of where the country should be headed—and the role of research in helping it to get there.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/832
High-Priced Recruiting of Talent Abroad Raises Hackles
The Chinese government will soon announce a new initiative to lure up to 10 winners of prestigious international science prizes to China each year by offering what may be the heftiest reward ever paid to individual researchers.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/834
Science in Ivins Case Not Ironclad, NRC Says
The scientific evidence behind the U.S. government's implication of U.S. Army researcher Bruce Ivins as the perpetrator of the 2001 anthrax letter attacks is not as strong as claimed by the FBI, according to a long-awaited review by the National Research Council released this week.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/835
A Quake May Have Hinted That It Was on the Way
A new analysis of decade-old, low-quality data from a large Turkish earthquake, reported in this week's issue of Science, has revealed tantalizing signs of an earthquake precursor.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/836
Growth Defect Blocks Cancer and Diabetes
A new study shows that people with Laron syndrome, a rare type of dwarfism, who carry a genetic defect that prevents them from responding to growth hormone, are almost exempt from cancer and diabetes.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/837
News Focus
Can This DNA Sleuth Help Catch Criminals?
Forensic geneticist Manfred Kayser is exploring whether DNA found at a crime scene can predict what a suspect looks like.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/838
Emerging Forensics Field May Hit Legal, Ethical Obstacles
The Dutch parliament adopted a law in 2003 regulating forensic DNA phenotyping, the use of DNA samples to predict a suspect's ancestry or physical characteristics. But the Netherlands is still the only country to have done so.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/840
NASA Weighs Asteroids: Cheaper Than Moon, But Still Not Easy
Budgetary realities are driving U.S. astronauts away from the moon toward near-Earth asteroids, but the new goal on the way to Mars should prove uniquely challenging.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/841
A Windfall for Defenders of the Planet
Only about 5% of near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) 140 meters in diameter and larger—so-called city killers—have been found under NASA's search program. If U.S. astronauts hopscotch from one NEA practicing for their trip to Mars, it will be a big help to the search.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/843
Europe's Eager Reformer Takes on Framework Funding Goliath
An outsider to the scientific community, the E.U.'s new research commissioner promises to cut red tape, champion basic research, and fight to save ITER
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/844
Special Feature
2010 Visualization Challenge
J. Nesbit and C. Norman
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/331/6019/847
Illustration
Science and the National Science Foundation announce the winner and three honorable mentions in the Illustration category in the 2010 International Science & Engineering Visualization Challenge.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/848
Informational Graphics
Science and the National Science Foundation announce the winner and honorable mention in the Informational Graphics category in the 2010 International Science & Engineering Visualization Challenge.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/850
Photography
Science and the National Science Foundation announce the winner and two honorable mentions in the Photography category in the 2010 International Science & Engineering Visualization Challenge.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/852
Noninteractive Media
Science and the National Science Foundation announce the winner and four honorable mentions in the Noninteractive Media category in the 2010 International Science & Engineering Visualization Challenge.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/854
Letters
Amazon Science Needs Brazilian Leadership
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/331/6019/857-a
Boosting CITES Through Research
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/331/6019/857-b
Boosting CITES Through Research—Response
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/331/6019/857-c
Engage Students in Education Reform
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/331/6019/858-a
Engage Students in Education Reform—Response
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/331/6019/858-b
Corrections and Clarifications
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/331/6019/858-c
Books et al.
Facing Up to Vexing Choices
John Fanshawe
The authors place stewardship of both human welfare and biodiversity at the center of the challenges facing researchers interested in sustainability and conservation.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/859
When Artists Enter the Laboratory
D. Dixon et al.
This Dublin exhibition offers a retrospective of bio-art from SymbioticA, a laboratory at the University of Western Australia that draws resident scientists and artists from around the globe.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/860-a
Books Received
A listing of books received at Science during the week ended 11 February 2011.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/860-b
Policy Forum
Deflating the Genomic Bubble
J. P. Evans et al.
Unrealistic expectations and uncritical translation of genetic discoveries may undermine other promising approaches to preventing disease and improving health.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/861
Perspectives
A Hand to Support the Implantation Window
S. C. Hewitt and K. S. Korach
A signaling pathway connects ovarian hormones to preparation of the mammalian uterus for pregnancy.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/863
A New Twist on Spintronics
Geert L. J. A. Rikken
A thin layer of ordered DNA acts as an efficient spin filter for photoemitted electrons from a gold surface.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/864
Unlocking the Door to Invasion
A. Kereszt and E. Kondorosi
A single plant receptor recognizes related bacterial and fungal signals to initiate symbiosis.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/865
Life on Low Flame in Hibernation
Gerhard Heldmaier
In hibernating black bears, changes in metabolic rate and core body temperature occur independently.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/866
Controlling the Flow of Suspension
Hans-Jürgen Butt
Adding a small amount of an immiscible liquid to a suspension can change it from a viscous fluid to an elastic gel.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/868
Creating Stable Memories
J. David Sweatt
Epigenetic mechanisms are involved in "tagging" rat neurons active in long-term memory of food odors.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/869
Hitting a Tiny Target in the Dark
R. Scott Hawley
A region in mammalian sex chromosomes has distinct properties that ensure proper segregation during gamete development.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/870
Brevia
Synthetic Clonal Reproduction Through Seeds
M. P. A. Marimuthu et al.
Clonal reproduction is engineered in a sexual plant by manipulating conserved genes controlling meiosis.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6019/876
Research Articles
Extended Nucleation of the 1999 Mw 7.6 Izmit Earthquake
M. Bouchon et al.
Low-frequency seismic events may have been part of slip accumulation before a large earthquake.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6019/877
The Crystal Structure of the Signal Recognition Particle in Complex with Its Receptor
S. F. Ataide et al.
Guanine triphosphate controls changes in the signal recognition particle that facilitate transfer of the signal sequence to the translocon.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6019/881
Reports
Metallic and Insulating Oxide Interfaces Controlled by Electronic Correlations
H. W. Jang et al.
The strength of electronic correlations dictates the transport properties of oxide interfaces.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6019/886
Time-Reversed Lasing and Interferometric Control of Absorption
W. Wan et al.
Tuning the amplitude and phase of incident light can induce an enhancement of the optical absorption process.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6019/889
Quantum Reflection of He2 Several Nanometers Above a Grating Surface
B. S. Zhao et al.
The helium molecule can interact at large distances with the evanescent repulsion potential of the surface.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6019/892
Spin Selectivity in Electron Transmission Through Self-Assembled Monolayers of Double-Stranded DNA
B. Göhler et al.
Photoelectrons emitted from a DNA-covered gold surface can have an unbalanced spin population of up to 60%.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6019/894
Capillary Forces in Suspension Rheology
E. Koos and N. Willenbacher
The addition of a small amount of a nonwetting immiscible fluid to a suspension can drastically alter its rheological properties.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6019/897
Steric Control of the Reaction of CH Stretch–Excited CHD3 with Chlorine Atom
F. Wang et al.
Spectroscopy elucidates the complex interplay between orientational and vibrational effects in a simple chemical reaction.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6019/900
The Magnitude and Duration of Late Ordovician–Early Silurian Glaciation
S. Finnegan et al.
Carbonate isotopes reveal a link between past ocean temperatures and mass extinction.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6019/903
Hibernation in Black Bears: Independence of Metabolic Suppression from Body Temperature
O. Tøien et al.
Hibernating black bears suppress their metabolic rate to 25% of normal, but only slightly reduce their body temperature.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6019/906
LysM-Type Mycorrhizal Receptor Recruited for Rhizobium Symbiosis in Nonlegume Parasponia
R. Op den Camp et al.
Parasponia uses a mycorrhizal signaling receptor essential for arbuscle formation to control rhizobium nodule symbiosis.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6019/909
The Antiproliferative Action of Progesterone in Uterine Epithelium Is Mediated by Hand2
Q. Li et al.
A progesterone-regulated transcription factor regulates stromal-epithelial communication in early pregnancy.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6019/912
Distinct Properties of the XY Pseudoautosomal Region Crucial for Male Meiosis
L. Kauppi et al.
Recombination between the sex chromosomes during sperm formation is controlled by a splicing isoform of the SPO11 protein.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6019/916
Classic Selective Sweeps Were Rare in Recent Human Evolution
R. D. Hernandez et al.
Much human genetic variation is likely due to purifying selection against deleterious mutations.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6019/920
Early Tagging of Cortical Networks Is Required for the Formation of Enduring Associative Memory
E. Lesburguères et al.
Tagging of cortical networks at the time of encoding is crucial for long-lasting associative memories.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6019/924
Microtubule Stabilization Reduces Scarring and Causes Axon Regeneration After Spinal Cord Injury
F. Hellal et al.
Taxol stimulates the capacity of axons to grow after spinal cord injury.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6019/928
Departments
New Products
A weekly roundup of information on newly offered instrumentation, apparatus, and laboratory materials of potential interest to researchers.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/956-a
Science Podcast
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6019/956-b
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