Science Podcast In this week's show: the neural basis of expert intuition, a cancer that captures host mitochondria, creating medical isotopes, and more.Listen now.
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In this week's issue:
Editorial
Tuberculosis in North Korea
S. Perry et al.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6015/263
Research Summaries
This Week in Science
Editor summaries of this week's papers.
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/vol331/issue6015/twis.dtl
Editors' Choice
Highlights of the recent literature
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/vol331/issue6015/twil.dtl
News of the Week
Deep Potholes Block the Road to Discovery for U.S. Science
The Department of Energy decided last week to shut down the atom smasher at the last dedicated U.S. particle physics lab this fall, opening the way to pursue a variety of new projects. But U.S. particle physicists still face a bumpy ride along an uncertain road.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6015/268
Food Safety Law Will Likely Strain FDA Science
A major food safety bill signed into law this month gives the U.S. Food and Drug Administration new powers and aims to shift the focus from response to prevention of food-borne illness.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6015/270
From Science's Online Daily News Site
ScienceNOW reported recently that pandas prefer old-growth forests, the European Planck satellite has released a catalog of stellar hatcheries, flipper bands harm penguins, and the black hole in the core of galaxy M87 is the most massive black hole for which a precise mass has ever been measured, among other stories.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6015/271
ESP Paper Rekindles Discussion About Statistics
A paper on extrasensory perception that is in press at a top psychology journal has rekindled a long-running debate about whether the statistical tools commonly used in psychology—and most other areas of science—too often lead researchers astray.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6015/272
Open Access Gains Support; Fees and Journal Quality Deter Submissions
Scientists love open-access papers as readers, but they are less enthusiastic about submitting their papers to open-access journals, according to a new study.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6015/273-a
From the Science Policy Blog
ScienceInsider reported this week that former E.U. research chief Achilleas Mitsos has resigned as head of research and technology within the Greek education ministry, among other stories.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6015/273-b
Random Samples
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/vol331/issue6015/r-samples.dtl
News Focus
Killer Whales Earn Their Name
Biologists are recognizing the dramatic impact that some killer whales have on everything from endangered whales to penguins.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6015/274
Scrambling to Close the Isotope Gap
New technologies are needed urgently to assure the continued supply of radioactive materials essential for diagnosing and treating millions of patients around the world.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6015/277
A Field Back in Vogue
The Department of Energy and the Nuclear Regulatory Commission have launched a series of programs to support training and education in nuclear sciences. Enrollments have nearly doubled since 2004, but experts say that's only enough to catch up with the demand of the last decade.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6015/279
Soccer and the Art of Deception
In soccer, goals have been scored and games won when free kicks were wrongly awarded because players faked collisions with opponents. A group of researchers reported at the meeting that they have found empirical support in the antics of footballers for game-theory predictions about dishonest signals.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6015/280-a
Getting to the Guts of Tadpole Carnivory
A developmental biologist reported at the meeting that inhibiting a single developmental signal—retinoic acid—can yield a carnivorelike gut morphology in a tadpole species that's normally mostly vegetarian.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6015/280-b
Turtles Are Not Just Drifters
Seven sea turtles with solar-powered satellite transmitters attached to their backs have demonstrated that they do more than simply follow the ocean currents as biologists had long assumed, researchers reported at the meeting.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6015/281
Letters
Make a Bid for Bird Biodiversity
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/331/6015/282-a
Fighting Liverflukes with Food Safety Education
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/331/6015/282-b
HIV Prevention in Women: Next Steps
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/331/6015/284-a
Hopes for Merit-Based Grants in China
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/331/6015/284-b
Corrections and Clarifications
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/331/6015/284-c
Books et al.
A Gallery of Our Mental Machinery
Linnaea Ostroff
Schoonover's collection of neuroanatomical images and the accompanying explanatory essays resemble an art book as much as a science text.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6015/285
A Means for Ought from Is?
Michael A. Goldman
Rejecting claims that science and religion are nonoverlapping magisteria, Harris argues for values based on reason rather than faith.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6015/286-a
Books Received
A listing of books received at Science during the week ended 14 January 2011.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6015/286-b
Policy Forum
Research Practice and Participant Preferences: The Growing Gulf
S. B. Trinidad et al.
Reframing research practice to align with participant interests is important for ensuring long-term success of genomic investigation.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6015/287
Perspectives
The Gut's Clostridium Cocktail
M. J. Barnes and F. Powrie
Certain indigenous bacteria drive the expansion of regulatory T cells in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract that control inflammation and disease.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6015/289
Low-Loss Plasmonic Metamaterials
A. Boltasseva and H. A. Atwater
New materials are being developed that meet the requirements for nanoscale photonics.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6015/290
Toward Reprogramming Gonads to Brains
Susan Strome
Expressing a transcription factor and blocking a chromatin-regulating factor can transform worm germ cells into neurons.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6015/292
Disclosing Identities in Diffuse Interstellar Bands
T. Oka and B. J. McCall
The linear isomer of C3H2 has been proposed as the source of broad absorption bands in diffuse interstellar clouds, but it is still being debated.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6015/293
Another Microbial Pathway for Acetate Assimilation
Scott A. Ensign
In a salt-loving Archaeon, a patchwork of enzymes creates a variation of the glyoxylate cycle.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6015/294
Review Articles
Animal Migration and Infectious Disease Risk
S. Altizer et al.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6015/296
Brevia
Mitochondrial Capture by a Transmissible Cancer
C. A. Rebbeck et al.
A clonal cancer in feral dogs has likely acquired mitochondria from its host by horizontal transfer.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6015/303
Research Articles
Direct Conversion of C. elegans Germ Cells into Specific Neuron Types
B. Tursun et al.
Removal of a chromatin factor allows transcription factors to reprogram germ cells into neurons.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6015/304
Reports
Seismic Detection of the Lunar Core
R. C. Weber et al.
Reinterpreted Apollo-era seismic data from the Moon reveal a solid inner core and a fluid outer core.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6015/309
A Persistent Oxygen Anomaly Reveals the Fate of Spilled Methane in the Deep Gulf of Mexico
J. D. Kessler et al.
Methane released during the Deepwater Horizon blowout was degraded by methanotrophic bacteria.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6015/312
Quantum Criticality Without Tuning in the Mixed Valence Compound β-YbAlB4
Y. Matsumoto et al.
A quantum phase transition is observed in a stoichiometric compound at ambient pressure and in zero magnetic field.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6015/316
A Magnetically Focused Molecular Beam of Ortho-Water
T. Kravchuk et al.
Magnetic fields can separate two isomers of water that differ in the relative spin states of their two hydrogen atoms.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6015/319
An Egg-Adult Association, Gender, and Reproduction in Pterosaurs
J. Lü et al.
A pterosaur fossil that includes a small, soft-shelled egg indicates a reproductive strategy like that of crocodilians.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6015/321
Changes in Climatic Water Balance Drive Downhill Shifts in Plant Species’ Optimum Elevations
S. M. Crimmins et al.
Many mountain plant species in California shifted downhill, tracking regional changes in water balance.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6015/324
Raptor Nest Decorations Are a Reliable Threat Against Conspecifics
F. Sergio et al.
Black kite nest decorations are honest signals of individual and territory quality.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6015/327
Discovery of a Viral NLR Homolog that Inhibits the Inflammasome
S. M. Gregory et al.
A viral homolog of a host microbial sensor inhibits viral detection by the host and subsequent antiviral immunity.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6015/330
A Methylaspartate Cycle in Haloarchaea
M. Khomyakova et al.
Salt-loving microbes have patched together an alternative carbon assimilation cycle.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6015/334
Induction of Colonic Regulatory T Cells by Indigenous Clostridium Species
K. Atarashi et al.
Bacteria of the genus Clostridium promote the induction of suppressor T cells in the colons of mice.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6015/337
The Neural Basis of Intuitive Best Next-Move Generation in Board Game Experts
X. Wan et al.
Compared with amateurs, expert shogi players show specific brain activation patterns.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/331/6015/341
Departments
New Products
A weekly roundup of information on newly offered instrumentation, apparatus, and laboratory materials of potential interest to researchers.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6015/347-a
Science Podcast
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/331/6015/347-b
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